What is the mechanism of breech presentation?
Breech presentation occurs when the pelvic or cau- dal end of the fetus is in direct relationship to the upper strait of the maternal pelvis, filling it com- pletely, and follows a known childbirth mechanism (1). Three modalities of breech presentation are considered: complete, frank and incomplete (2).
What fetal movements occur in a breech normal mechanism of Labour?
Breech presentation can be categorized on the basis of the attitude or flexion of the hip and knee joints. If there is flexion at the hip and extension at the knees, the fetus is a frank breech. If there is flexion at both the hip and knee joints, the fetus is a full or complete breech.
What are the presentation and mechanisms of labor?
The mechanism of labor consists of the cardinal movements of engagement, descent, flexion, internal rotation, and the accessory movements of extension and external rotation. Intuitively, the cardinal movements of labor for a face presentation are not completely identical to those of a vertex presentation.
What are the types of breech presentation?
There are three types of breech presentation: complete, incomplete, and frank. Complete breech is when both of the baby’s knees are bent and his feet and bottom are closest to the birth canal. Incomplete breech is when one of the baby’s knees is bent and his foot and bottom are closest to the birth canal.
What are the complication of breech presentation?
A major complication of breech presentation is cord prolapse (where the umbilical cord drops down below the presenting part of the baby, and becomes compressed). The incidence of cord prolapse is 1% in breech presentations, compared to 0.5% in cephalic presentations. Other complications include: Fetal head entrapment.
What is restitution in mechanism of Labour?
External Rotation(Restitution). This is the spontaneous realignment of the head with the shoulders. Expulsion. This is anterior and then posterior shoulders, followed by trunk and lower extremities in rapid succession.
What is a vertex presentation?
In vertex presentations the head of the fetus most commonly faces to the right and slightly to the rear. This position is said to be the most usual one because the fetus is thus best accommodated to the shape of the uterus.
What is 1st stage of labour?
1st stage of labour. During the 1st stage of labour, contractions make your cervix gradually open (dilate). This is usually the longest stage of labour. At the start of labour, your cervix starts to soften so it can open.
What is the mechanism of breech Mech of Labour?
Mechanism of labour • Delivery of the breech (Buttocks and lower limbs) • Delivery of the shoulders and arms • Delivery of the head 8/18/2013 Breech – Mech of labour 4 5. Delivery of lower limbs and buttocks • Engagement • Descent • Flexion • Internal rotation • Birth of Buttocks 8/18/2013 Breech – Mech of labour 5
What causes breech presentation of a fetus?
Breech presentation may result from circumstances that prevent normal version from taking place, for example : hydramnios, high parity with uterine relaxation, multiple fetuses, oligohydramnios, hydrocephaly, anencephaly, previous breech delivery, uterine anomalies, placenta previa, fundal placental implantation, and pelvic tumors.
What are the 3 types of breech delivery?
Conditions are unfavorable for breech delivery. 3 types of breech PRESENTATION : hips are flexed, knees are extended, Complete (25%) : the feet or knees are the lowermost presenting part. Conditions are unfavorable for breech delivery.
Where does the cardinal movement of spontaneous breech delivery take place?
Cardinal Movements with spontaneous Breech Delivery •Engagement and descent of the breech usually take place with the bitrochanteric diameter in one of the oblique pelvic diameters. • After rotation, descent continues until the perineum is distended by the advancing breech, and the anterior hip appears at the vulva.