What did Otto von Guericke discover?
A politician, physicist, engineer, and natural philosopher, von Guericke invented the world’s first air pump in 1650. By performing and interpreting some pioneering vacuum experiments, he made important contributions to the basic principles of the physics of fluids and gases.
Who invented Magdeburg hemispheres?
Otto von Guericke
The Magdeburg hemispheres were invented by German scientist and mayor of Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke, to demonstrate the air pump that he had invented, and the concept of atmospheric pressure.
How does the Magdeburg experiment work?
Magdeburg hemispheres are two half-spheres of equal size. Placing them together traps air between them. This air is merely trapped, and not compressed, so the pressure inside is the same as the pressure of the atmosphere outside the spheres. The spheres thus pull apart with nearly no resistance.
Where did Otto von Guericke performed his experiment?
Magdeburg
Engraving taken from ‘Experimenta Nova’ (1672) by Otto von Guericke, showing his experiment with an evacuated sphere being carried out at Magdeburg. In this demonstration 16 horses could not pull apart the two halves of an evacuated sphere, which became known as Magdeburg hemispheres.
Why do Magdeburg hemispheres stick together?
So how do the spheres stay together? Simply put: atmospheric pressure! A suction cup gets its sticking force by the same action as the Magdeburg hemispheres: when one pushes the cup against a smooth wall, one forces the air out of the cup, allowing atmospheric pressure to hold it to the wall.
Why did von Guericke believe he had made a vacuum?
As we’ll see, Guericke believed, with good reason, that space is a vacuum. He explained that in his “horses and hemispheres” experiment, the horses could not pull the hemispheres apart because the weight of the whole sky was pushing them together. He explained how this finite weight could be calculated.
Does pressure increase with height?
Atmospheric pressure decreases as the height of a surface above ground level increases. This is because, as the altitude increases: This is why aircraft that fly at high altitudes must be pressurised. If the air pressure is too low, humans cannot take in oxygen quickly enough to meet their bodies’ needs.
Can Crusher experiment explained?
A can is crushed when the pressure outside is greater than the pressure inside, and the pressure difference is greater than the can is able to withstand. When the water vapor condensed, the pressure inside the can became much less than the air pressure outside. Then the air outside crushed the can.
Who of the philosophers is the founder of engineering mechanics and inventor of water pump?
Otto von Guericke, (born Nov. 20, 1602, Magdeburg, Prussian Saxony [now in Germany]—died May 11, 1686, Hamburg), German physicist, engineer, and natural philosopher who invented the first air pump and used it to study the phenomenon of vacuum and the role of air in combustion and respiration.
Why air pressure is highest at sea level?
Most gas molecules in the atmosphere are pulled close to Earth’s surface by gravity, so gas particles are denser near the surface. With greater depth of the atmosphere, more air is pressing down from above. Therefore, air pressure is greatest at sea level and falls with increasing altitude.
Is pressure directly proportional to height?
Pressure at a point in a liquid is inversely proportional to the height of the liquid column.
Why didn’t the empty soda can crush before it was heated?
When the water vapor inside the can condensed, the can was empty. However, the water cannot flow into the can fast enough to fill the can before the air outside crushes it. CAUTION: Do not heat the can over high heat or heat the can when it is empty. This may cause the ink on the can to burn or the aluminum to melt.
What was von Guericke inspired by in the theory of relativity?
Inspired by Copernican cosmology and the idea of vast, endless, empty space where light could propagate, bodies could move about unhindered, and sound cannot be detected, von Guericke set about replicating this phenomena on Earth.
When did Guericke demonstrate the power of air pressure?
The tremendous force that air pressure exerts was thus first demonstrated. Guericke, Otto von; air pressure experimentOtto von Guericke’s demonstration of the power of air pressure, Regensburg, 1654.
Who are the children of Margarethe von Guericke?
Before Margarethe’s death in 1645, they had three children together: Anna Catherine, Hans Otto, and Jacob Christopher. Anna Catherine and Jacob Christopher both died in infancy. Von Guericke later remarried to Dorotha Lentke in 1652.
When did John Guericke invent the vacuum pump?
In 1657, Guericke performed his most famous experiment. His technicians machined two 20-inch diameter copper hemispheres, one with a valve through which air could be pumped out, shown below. Left: Magdeburg hemispheres before applying the vacuum pump.