What is a Supratentorial herniation?
A transtentorial herniation is the movement of brain tissue from one intracranial compartment to another. This includes uncal, central, and upward herniation.
When does Transtentorial herniation occur?
Upward transtentorial herniation can occur when an infratentorial mass (eg, tumor in the posterior fossa, cerebellar hemorrhage) compresses the brain stem, kinking it and causing patchy brain stem ischemia. The posterior 3rd ventricle becomes compressed.
What is brainstem herniation?
Expand Section. Brain herniation occurs when something inside the skull produces pressure that moves brain tissues. This is most often the result of brain swelling or bleeding from a head injury, stroke, or brain tumor. Brain herniation can be a side effect of tumors in the brain, including: Metastatic brain tumor.
Why does the brain herniation?
A brain herniation, or cerebral herniation, occurs when brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shifts from their normal position inside the skull. The condition is usually caused by swelling from a head injury, stroke, bleeding, or brain tumor.
What herniation means?
: to protrude through an abnormal body opening : rupture a herniated intervertebral disk.
Which is the correct description of supratentorial herniation?
Supratentorial refers to herniation of structures normally found above the tentorial notch, and infratentorial refers to structures normally found below it. Supratentorial herniation Uncal (transtentorial)
What happens if you have an oculomotor nucleus lesion?
Thus, an isolated lesion involving the right oculomotor nucleus would result in paralysis of the right inferior oblique, medial, and inferior recti; bilateral weakness of the levator palpebrae with bilateral ptosis; and bilateral weakness of the superior recti muscles.
What kind of muscles does the oculomotor nerve innervate?
The oculomotor nerve innervates all the extraocular muscles except the superior oblique (trochlear nerve) and lateral rectus (abducens nerve). The extraocular muscles are the inferior oblique and the superior, medial, and inferior rectus muscles.
What can cause uncal herniation in the brain?
Uncal herniation occurs secondary to large mass effect (that can occur from traumatic or non-traumatic hemorrhage, malignancy, etc.) that will lead to increased intracranial pressure and herniation.