What is contour system in planting?

Contour system: The contour is an imaginary line connecting the points of equal height on a slope. This system has been evolved for the planting of fruit trees on hilly and slopes topography with the objective to minimize the soil erosion. The trees are planted on the bench terrace prepared on the contour.

What is the advantages of contour System?

The advantages of contouring are: the velocity of runoff is checked; the adsorption of rainfall is increased; erosion is reduced by slowing the rate of runoff; and, temporarily storing runoff behind contour ridges increases infiltration and collects sediment.

What is contour method of ploughing?

Contour bunding or contour farming or Contour ploughing is the farming practice of plowing and/or planting across a slope following its elevation contour lines. In contour plowing, the ruts made by the plow run perpendicular rather than parallel to the slopes, generally furrows that curve around the land and are level.

How is contour farming done?

Contour farming involves ploughing, planting and weeding along the contour, i.e, across the slope rather than up and down. Contour lines are lines that run across a (hill) slope such that the line stays at the same height and does not run uphill or downhill.

Why is contour farming used?

Farming across the slope helps to shorten slope lengths, slowing down runoff water so it can soak into the soil. Contour farming slows water down and lets it soak into the soil. Combine contour farming with cover cropping and other conservation practices for more soil fertility and slope protection.

What are the types of contour farming?

  • Mulch farming. Mulch is a layer of crop residue placed on the soil surface.
  • Conservation tillage. Soil structure is extremely prone to intense tropical rains and harsh climate.
  • Strip cropping.
  • Contour farming.
  • Cover crops.
  • Vegetative hedges or strips.

What is the disadvantages of contour System?

Disadvantages/Cons/Drawbacks: Repairing of ridges and careful supervision during irrigation is needed. Uneven distribution of water within the plot. The method impedes surface drainage, precise land grading and shaping are required.

Why is contour Ploughing used?

Contour ploughing mitigates the impacts of floods, storms and landslides on the crops by reducing soil erosion up to 50 percent, controlling runoff water, increasing moisture infiltration and retention and thus enhancing soil quality and composition.

What is the main purpose of contour Ploughing?

Main advantages Contour ploughing prevents and mitigates the impacts of floods, storms and landslides in the cropping sub sector by reducing soil erosion up to 50%, controlling runoff water, and increasing moisture infiltration and retention thus enhancing soil quality and resilience.

What is an example of contour farming?

Contour farming is farming with row patterns that run nearly level around the hill — not up and down the hill. Contour stripcropping is crop rotation and contouring combined in equal-width strips of corn or soybeans planted on the contour and alternated with strips of oats, grasses, or legumes.

Where is contour farming used?

According to NRCS, contour farming is generally used on sloping land where tillage, planting, and cultivation are used to grow annual crops. In a properly designed contour farming system the tillage furrows intercept runoff and allow more moisture to infiltrate into the soil.

Where is contour plowing used?

Contour plowing is normally used only when the slope of the land is between 2 to 10% and when excessive rainfall is not generally a problem. When these conditions are not met, strip cropping is used in addition to contour plowing to prevent problems from developing.

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