How is the structure of an antibody determined?
The constant region determines the mechanism used to destroy antigen. Antibodies are divided into five major classes, IgM, IgG, Iga, IgD, and IgE, based on their constant region structure and immune function. The variable region is further subdivided into hypervariable (HV) and framework (FR) regions.
Which is an antigenic determinant in hen egg white?
An antigenic determinant, a site on the antigen that the immune system responds to by making antibody, can frequently be one unique structure on the antigen. In hen egg white lysozyme, a glutamine at position 121 (Gln 121) protrudes away from the antigen surface.
Can a protease cleave the constant region of an antibody?
Treating the antibody with a protease can cleave this region, producing Fab or fragment antigen binding that include the variable ends of an antibody. Material used for the studies shown below originated from Fab. The constant region determines the mechanism used to destroy antigen.
What makes up the hinge region of an antibody?
An antibody consists of heavy and light domains that connect to form chains. Light chains consist of two light domains and heavy chains of four heavy domains. A light and heavy chain together form a pair, and two heavy-light chain pairs comprise an antibody ( Fig. 1 A). The region where the two pairs connect is called the hinge region.
What are the components of the IgG antibody construct?
(A) The IgG antibody construct consists of Fab and Fc regions. The binding part of the Fab region is called the single chain variable fragment (scFv). The antibody exists of two heavy chains (VH and C H) and two light chains (V L and C L). These chains can be subdivided by variable (V H and V L) and constant domains (C H and C L).
How are antibodies the basis for protein engineering?
Antibody Structure and Function: The Basis for Engineering Therapeutics. Antibodies and antibody-derived macromolecules have established themselves as the mainstay in protein-based therapeutic molecules (biologics). Our knowledge of the structure-function relationships of antibodies provides a platform for protein engineering that has been