Do T cells produce interferon?
The pleiotropic cytokine IFN-γ is produced primarily by activated T cells and NK cells. The cellular effects of IFN-γ are mediated by its heterodimeric cell surface receptor IFN-γR. The IFN-γR is comprised of α- and β-chains, both of which belong to the class II family of cytokine receptors (1, 2).
Is gamma interferon important in clonal expansion of B lymphocytes?
Interferon gamma enhances clonal expansion and survival of CD4+ T cells.
Which cells make interferon gamma?
Interferon-gamma is secreted predominantly by activated lymphocytes such as CD4 T helper type 1 (Th1) cells and CD8 cytotoxic T cells (23–26), γδ T cells (27–33), and natural killer (NK) cells (34, 35) and, to a less extent, by natural killer T cells (NKT), B cells (36–39), and professional antigen-presenting cells ( …
What is gamma interferon secreted by?
Is interferon gamma FDA approved?
ACTIMMUNE® (Interferon gamma-1b) is approved by the FDA to delay time to disease progression in patients with severe malignant osteopetrosis (SMO).
How does interferons work against virus?
Interferon is secreted by cells in response to stimulation by a virus or other foreign substance, but it does not directly inhibit the virus’s multiplication. Rather, it stimulates the infected cells and those nearby to produce proteins that prevent the virus from replicating within them.
What kind of immune cells secrete interferon gamma?
Interferon-gamma is secreted predominantly by activated lymphocytes such as CD4 T helper type 1 (Th1) cells and CD8 cytotoxic T cells (23 – 26), γδ T cells (27 – 33), and natural killer (NK) cells (34, 35) and, to a less extent, by natural killer T cells (NKT), B cells (36 – 39), and professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) (40 – 42).
How does interferon gamma inhibit Treg cell differentiation?
Consequently, IFN-γ inhibits Treg cell differentiation and functions (165, 166). However, in some chronic inflammation conditions, IFN-γ plays a crucial role in attenuating tissue destruction. In this case, IFN-γ might be protective (62, 167) by promoting the number and function of Treg cells (168 – 170).
Are there any clinical trials for interferon gamma?
Although broad evidence implicating IFN-γ in tumor immune surveillance, IFN-γ-based therapies undergoing clinical trials have been of limited success.
What are the effects of interferon gamma on the CNS?
IFNγ induces a wide range of effects on CNS cells, including macrophage activation, enhancement of leukocyte adhesion, release of TNF-α and other cytokines, and upregulation of MHC expression on microglia and macrophages (Munoz-Fernandez and Fresno, 1998).